Я делаю учебник Rails, найденный здесь, и был успешным до того, что вам нужно перенести миграцию комментариев с помощью $ rails db: migrate. До этого момента мне удалось создать модель статьи и перенести статьи на создание миграции без проблем. Между этими двумя миграциями ничего не изменилось в моем Gemfile, поэтому я не уверен, с чем связана проблема Bundler.
Вот ошибки, за которыми следует полный вывод командной строки, а также мои Gemfile и schema.rb:
Gem::LoadError: can't activate pg (~> 0.18), already activated pg-1.0.0.
Gem::LoadError: Specified 'postgresql' for database adapter, but the gem is not loaded. Add 'gem 'pg'' to your Gemfile (and ensure its version is at the minimum required by ActiveRecord).
Полный вывод в командной строке
xxx:gangelo: ~/dev/rails/test/blog (master*) ☠ rbenv exec rails db:migrate
rails aborted!
Gem::LoadError: Specified 'postgresql' for database adapter, but the gem is not loaded. Add 'gem 'pg'' to your Gemfile (and ensure its version is at the minimum required by ActiveRecord).
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:188:in 'rescue in spec'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:185:in 'spec'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:880:in 'establish_connection'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:58:in 'establish_connection'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:124:in 'block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:69:in 'instance_eval'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:69:in 'block in execute_hook'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:60:in 'with_execution_control'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:65:in 'execute_hook'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:50:in 'block in run_load_hooks'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:49:in 'each'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:49:in 'run_load_hooks'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/base.rb:326:in '<module:ActiveRecord>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/base.rb:25:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'block in require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:258:in 'load_dependency'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb:6:in '<class:MySQLDatabaseTasks>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb:3:in '<module:Tasks>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb:2:in '<module:ActiveRecord>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb:1:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'block in require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:258:in 'load_dependency'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:74:in '<module:DatabaseTasks>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:35:in '<module:Tasks>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:2:in '<module:ActiveRecord>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:1:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'block in require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:258:in 'load_dependency'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:34:in 'block (3 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/railties-5.1.4/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:21:in 'block in perform'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/railties-5.1.4/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:18:in 'perform'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/railties-5.1.4/lib/rails/command.rb:46:in 'invoke'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/railties-5.1.4/lib/rails/commands.rb:16:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/bin/rails:9:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/bin/rails:9:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in 'load'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in 'call'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in 'call'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client.rb:30:in 'run'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/bin/spring:49:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/binstub.rb:31:in 'load'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/binstub.rb:31:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/bin/spring:15:in '<top (required)>'
bin/rails:3:in 'load'
bin/rails:3:in '<main>'
Caused by:
Gem::LoadError: can't activate pg (~> 0.18), already activated pg-1.0.0. Make sure all dependencies are added to Gemfile.
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:2:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'block in require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:258:in 'load_dependency'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:186:in 'spec'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:880:in 'establish_connection'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:58:in 'establish_connection'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:124:in 'block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:69:in 'instance_eval'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:69:in 'block in execute_hook'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:60:in 'with_execution_control'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:65:in 'execute_hook'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:50:in 'block in run_load_hooks'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:49:in 'each'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:49:in 'run_load_hooks'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/base.rb:326:in '<module:ActiveRecord>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/base.rb:25:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'block in require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:258:in 'load_dependency'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb:6:in '<class:MySQLDatabaseTasks>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb:3:in '<module:Tasks>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb:2:in '<module:ActiveRecord>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb:1:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'block in require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:258:in 'load_dependency'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:74:in '<module:DatabaseTasks>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:35:in '<module:Tasks>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:2:in '<module:ActiveRecord>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:1:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'block in require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:258:in 'load_dependency'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activesupport-5.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.1.4/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:34:in 'block (3 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/railties-5.1.4/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:21:in 'block in perform'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/railties-5.1.4/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:18:in 'perform'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/railties-5.1.4/lib/rails/command.rb:46:in 'invoke'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/railties-5.1.4/lib/rails/commands.rb:16:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/bin/rails:9:in 'require'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/bin/rails:9:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in 'load'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in 'call'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in 'call'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client.rb:30:in 'run'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/bin/spring:49:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/binstub.rb:31:in 'load'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/vendor/bundle/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/binstub.rb:31:in '<top (required)>'
/Users/gangelo/dev/rails/test/blog/bin/spring:15:in '<top (required)>'
bin/rails:3:in 'load'
bin/rails:3:in '<main>'
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate => db:load_config
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
Gemfile
source 'https://rubygems.org'
ruby '2.3.1'
git_source(:github) do |repo_name|
repo_name = "#{repo_name}/#{repo_name}" unless repo_name.include?("/")
"https://github.com/#{repo_name}.git"
end
# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '~> 5.1.4'
# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
# gem 'sqlite3'
# Use postgres as the database for Active Record
gem 'pg'
# Use Puma as the app server
gem 'puma', '~> 3.7'
# Use SCSS for stylesheets
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
# Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
# See https://github.com/rails/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
# gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby
# Use CoffeeScript for .coffee assets and views
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.2'
# Turbolinks makes navigating your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/turbolinks/turbolinks
gem 'turbolinks', '~> 5'
# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.5'
# Use Redis adapter to run Action Cable in production
# gem 'redis', '~> 3.0'
# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'
# Use Capistrano for deployment
# gem 'capistrano-rails', group: :development
group :development, :test do
# Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
gem 'byebug', platforms: [:mri, :mingw, :x64_mingw]
# Adds support for Capybara system testing and selenium driver
gem 'capybara', '~> 2.13'
gem 'selenium-webdriver'
end
# gma - start
group :development, :test do
gem 'rspec-rails', '~> 3.5', '>= 3.5.2'
gem 'rspec-activemodel-mocks', '~> 1.0', '>= 1.0.3'
gem 'shoulda-matchers', '~> 3.1', '>= 3.1.1'
gem 'factory_bot_rails', '~> 4.8', '>= 4.8.2'
gem 'ffaker', '~> 2.2'
# gem 'timecop', '~> 0.8.1'
end
# gma - end
group :development do
# Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> anywhere in the code.
gem 'web-console', '>= 3.3.0'
gem 'listen', '>= 3.0.5', '< 3.2'
# Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
gem 'spring'
gem 'spring-watcher-listen', '~> 2.0.0'
end
# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem
gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]
schema.rb
ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 20180110153949) do
# These are extensions that must be enabled in order to support this database
enable_extension "plpgsql"
create_table "articles", force: :cascade do |t|
t.string "title"
t.text "text"
t.datetime "created_at", null: false
t.datetime "updated_at", null: false
end
end
Файл миграции
class CreateComments < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.1]
def change
create_table :comments do |t|
t.string :commenter
t.text :body
t.references :article, foreign_key: true
t.timestamps
end
end
end