Недавно я обновил postgresql 8.3 на своем Ubuntu 8.04 после обновления. Используется пакет EnterpriseDB. Я могу подключиться к базе данных локально, я вижу системные DB postgres, но я не могу ее настроить, потому что я не могу найти файлы конфигурации. Искал весь жесткий диск и нашел только образцы, такие как pg_hba.conf.sample
Где находятся файлы postgres *. conf?
Или спросите свою базу данных:
$ psql -U postgres -c 'SHOW config_file'
Ubuntu 13.04, установленный с помощью программного центра:
Место для моего:
/etc/postgresql/9.1/main/postgresql.conf
Run
sudo updatedb
за которым следует
locate postgresql.conf
Запросить базу данных с помощью SQL-запроса:
SHOW config_file;
У вас может возникнуть проблема с поиском postgresql.conf, потому что он принадлежит postgres, а не root.
Вот где моя находится на Fedora 17:
[[email protected] /]# ll /var/lib/pgsql/data/postgresql.conf
Обратите внимание, что он принадлежит postgres:
-rw------- 1 postgres postgres 19332 Oct 14 09:38
/var/lib/pgsql/data/postgresql.conf
У него есть разрешение 600, которое объясняет, почему вам сложно найти его при поиске файлов. Местоположение postgresql.conf будет отличаться в зависимости от того, какую операционную систему вы используете.
Вот мое содержание:
# -----------------------------
# PostgreSQL configuration file
# -----------------------------
#
# This file consists of lines of the form:
#
# name = value
#
# (The "=" is optional.) Whitespace may be used. Comments are introduced with
# "#" anywhere on a line. The complete list of parameter names and allowed
# values can be found in the PostgreSQL documentation.
#
# The commented-out settings shown in this file represent the default values.
# Re-commenting a setting is NOT sufficient to revert it to the default value;
# you need to reload the server.
#
# This file is read on server startup and when the server receives a SIGHUP
# signal. If you edit the file on a running system, you have to SIGHUP the
# server for the changes to take effect, or use "pg_ctl reload". Some
# parameters, which are marked below, require a server shutdown and restart to
# take effect.
#
# Any parameter can also be given as a command-line option to the server, e.g.,
# "postgres -c log_connections=on". Some parameters can be changed at run time
# with the "SET" SQL command.
#
# Memory units: kB = kilobytes Time units: ms = milliseconds
# MB = megabytes s = seconds
# GB = gigabytes min = minutes
# h = hours
# d = days
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# FILE LOCATIONS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The default values of these variables are driven from the -D command-line
# option or PGDATA environment variable, represented here as ConfigDir.
#data_directory = 'ConfigDir' # use data in another directory
# (change requires restart)
#hba_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_hba.conf' # host-based authentication file
# (change requires restart)
#ident_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_ident.conf' # ident configuration file
# (change requires restart)
# If external_pid_file is not explicitly set, no extra PID file is written.
#external_pid_file = '(none)' # write an extra PID file
# (change requires restart)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CONNECTIONS AND AUTHENTICATION
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Connection Settings -
#listen_addresses = 'localhost' # what IP address(es) to listen on;
# comma-separated list of addresses;
# defaults to 'localhost', '*' = all
# (change requires restart)
#port = 5432 # (change requires restart)
# Note: In RHEL/Fedora installations, you can't set the port number here;
# adjust it in the service file instead.
max_connections = 100 # (change requires restart)
# Note: Increasing max_connections costs ~400 bytes of shared memory per
# connection slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction).
#superuser_reserved_connections = 3 # (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_directories = '/var/run/postgresql, /tmp'
# comma-separated list of directories
# (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_group = '' # (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_permissions = 0777 # begin with 0 to use octal notation
# (change requires restart)
#bonjour = off # advertise server via Bonjour
# (change requires restart)
#bonjour_name = '' # defaults to the computer name
# (change requires restart)
# - Security and Authentication -
#authentication_timeout = 1min # 1s-600s
#ssl = off # (change requires restart)
#ssl_ciphers = 'ALL:!ADH:!LOW:!EXP:!MD5:@STRENGTH' # allowed SSL ciphers
# (change requires restart)
#ssl_renegotiation_limit = 512MB # amount of data between renegotiations
#password_encryption = on
#db_user_namespace = off
# Kerberos and GSSAPI
#krb_server_keyfile = ''
#krb_srvname = 'postgres' # (Kerberos only)
#krb_caseins_users = off
# - TCP Keepalives -
# see "man 7 tcp" for details
#tcp_keepalives_idle = 0 # TCP_KEEPIDLE, in seconds;
# 0 selects the system default
#tcp_keepalives_interval = 0 # TCP_KEEPINTVL, in seconds;
# 0 selects the system default
#tcp_keepalives_count = 0 # TCP_KEEPCNT;
# 0 selects the system default
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# RESOURCE USAGE (except WAL)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Memory -
shared_buffers = 24MB # min 128kB
# (change requires restart)
#temp_buffers = 8MB # min 800kB
#max_prepared_transactions = 0 # zero disables the feature
# (change requires restart)
# Note: Increasing max_prepared_transactions costs ~600 bytes of shared memory
# per transaction slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction).
# It is not advisable to set max_prepared_transactions nonzero unless you
# actively intend to use prepared transactions.
#work_mem = 1MB # min 64kB
#maintenance_work_mem = 16MB # min 1MB
#max_stack_depth = 2MB # min 100kB
# - Kernel Resource Usage -
#max_files_per_process = 1000 # min 25
# (change requires restart)
#shared_preload_libraries = '' # (change requires restart)
# - Cost-Based Vacuum Delay -
#vacuum_cost_delay = 0ms # 0-100 milliseconds
#vacuum_cost_page_hit = 1 # 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_page_miss = 10 # 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_page_dirty = 20 # 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_limit = 200 # 1-10000 credits
# - Background Writer -
#bgwriter_delay = 200ms # 10-10000ms between rounds
#bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 100 # 0-1000 max buffers written/round
#bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 2.0 # 0-10.0 multipler on buffers scanned/round
# - Asynchronous Behavior -
#effective_io_concurrency = 1 # 1-1000. 0 disables prefetching
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# WRITE AHEAD LOG
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Settings -
#wal_level = minimal # minimal, archive, or hot_standby
# (change requires restart)
#fsync = on # turns forced synchronization on or off
#synchronous_commit = on # synchronization level; on, off, or local
#wal_sync_method = fsync # the default is the first option
# supported by the operating system:
# open_datasync
# fdatasync (default on Linux)
# fsync
# fsync_writethrough
# open_sync
#full_page_writes = on # recover from partial page writes
#wal_buffers = -1 # min 32kB, -1 sets based on shared_buffers
# (change requires restart)
#wal_writer_delay = 200ms # 1-10000 milliseconds
#commit_delay = 0 # range 0-100000, in microseconds
#commit_siblings = 5 # range 1-1000
# - Checkpoints -
#checkpoint_segments = 3 # in logfile segments, min 1, 16MB each
#checkpoint_timeout = 5min # range 30s-1h
#checkpoint_completion_target = 0.5 # checkpoint target duration, 0.0 - 1.0
#checkpoint_warning = 30s # 0 disables
# - Archiving -
#archive_mode = off # allows archiving to be done
# (change requires restart)
#archive_command = '' # command to use to archive a logfile segment
#archive_timeout = 0 # force a logfile segment switch after this
# number of seconds; 0 disables
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# REPLICATION
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Master Server -
# These settings are ignored on a standby server
#max_wal_senders = 0 # max number of walsender processes
# (change requires restart)
#wal_sender_delay = 1s # walsender cycle time, 1-10000 milliseconds
#wal_keep_segments = 0 # in logfile segments, 16MB each; 0 disables
#vacuum_defer_cleanup_age = 0 # number of xacts by which cleanup is delayed
#replication_timeout = 60s # in milliseconds; 0 disables
#synchronous_standby_names = '' # standby servers that provide sync rep
# comma-separated list of application_name
# from standby(s); '*' = all
# - Standby Servers -
# These settings are ignored on a master server
#hot_standby = off # "on" allows queries during recovery
# (change requires restart)
#max_standby_archive_delay = 30s # max delay before canceling queries
# when reading WAL from archive;
# -1 allows indefinite delay
#max_standby_streaming_delay = 30s # max delay before canceling queries
# when reading streaming WAL;
# -1 allows indefinite delay
#wal_receiver_status_interval = 10s # send replies at least this often
# 0 disables
#hot_standby_feedback = off # send info from standby to prevent
# query conflicts
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# QUERY TUNING
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Planner Method Configuration -
#enable_bitmapscan = on
#enable_hashagg = on
#enable_hashjoin = on
#enable_indexscan = on
#enable_material = on
#enable_mergejoin = on
#enable_nestloop = on
#enable_seqscan = on
#enable_sort = on
#enable_tidscan = on
# - Planner Cost Constants -
#seq_page_cost = 1.0 # measured on an arbitrary scale
#random_page_cost = 4.0 # same scale as above
#cpu_tuple_cost = 0.01 # same scale as above
#cpu_index_tuple_cost = 0.005 # same scale as above
#cpu_operator_cost = 0.0025 # same scale as above
#effective_cache_size = 128MB
# - Genetic Query Optimizer -
#geqo = on
#geqo_threshold = 12
#geqo_effort = 5 # range 1-10
#geqo_pool_size = 0 # selects default based on effort
#geqo_generations = 0 # selects default based on effort
#geqo_selection_bias = 2.0 # range 1.5-2.0
#geqo_seed = 0.0 # range 0.0-1.0
# - Other Planner Options -
#default_statistics_target = 100 # range 1-10000
#constraint_exclusion = partition # on, off, or partition
#cursor_tuple_fraction = 0.1 # range 0.0-1.0
#from_collapse_limit = 8
#join_collapse_limit = 8 # 1 disables collapsing of explicit
# JOIN clauses
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ERROR REPORTING AND LOGGING
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Where to Log -
#log_destination = 'stderr' # Valid values are combinations of
# stderr, csvlog, syslog, and eventlog,
# depending on platform. csvlog
# requires logging_collector to be on.
# This is used when logging to stderr:
logging_collector = on # Enable capturing of stderr and csvlog
# into log files. Required to be on for
# csvlogs.
# (change requires restart)
# These are only used if logging_collector is on:
#log_directory = 'pg_log' # directory where log files are written,
# can be absolute or relative to PGDATA
log_filename = 'postgresql-%a.log' # log file name pattern,
# can include strftime() escapes
#log_file_mode = 0600 # creation mode for log files,
# begin with 0 to use octal notation
log_truncate_on_rotation = on # If on, an existing log file with the
# same name as the new log file will be
# truncated rather than appended to.
# But such truncation only occurs on
# time-driven rotation, not on restarts
# or size-driven rotation. Default is
# off, meaning append to existing files
# in all cases.
log_rotation_age = 1d # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
# happen after that time. 0 disables.
log_rotation_size = 0 # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
# happen after that much log output.
# 0 disables.
# These are relevant when logging to syslog:
#syslog_facility = 'LOCAL0'
#syslog_ident = 'postgres'
#silent_mode = off # Run server silently.
# DO NOT USE without syslog or
# logging_collector
# (change requires restart)
# - When to Log -
#client_min_messages = notice # values in order of decreasing detail:
# debug5
# debug4
# debug3
# debug2
# debug1
# log
# notice
# warning
# error
#log_min_messages = warning # values in order of decreasing detail:
# debug5
# debug4
# debug3
# debug2
# debug1
# info
# notice
# warning
# error
# log
# fatal
# panic
#log_min_error_statement = error # values in order of decreasing detail:
# debug5
# debug4
# debug3
# debug2
# debug1
# info
# notice
# warning
# error
# log
# fatal
# panic (effectively off)
#log_min_duration_statement = -1 # -1 is disabled, 0 logs all statements
# and their durations, > 0 logs only
# statements running at least this number
# of milliseconds
# - What to Log -
#debug_print_parse = off
#debug_print_rewritten = off
#debug_print_plan = off
#debug_pretty_print = on
#log_checkpoints = off
#log_connections = off
#log_disconnections = off
#log_duration = off
#log_error_verbosity = default # terse, default, or verbose messages
#log_hostname = off
#log_line_prefix = '' # special values:
# %a = application name
# %u = user name
# %d = database name
# %r = remote host and port
# %h = remote host
# %p = process ID
# %t = timestamp without milliseconds
# %m = timestamp with milliseconds
# %i = command tag
# %e = SQL state
# %c = session ID
# %l = session line number
# %s = session start timestamp
# %v = virtual transaction ID
# %x = transaction ID (0 if none)
# %q = stop here in non-session
# processes
# %% = '%'
# e.g. '<%u%%%d> '
#log_lock_waits = off # log lock waits >= deadlock_timeout
#log_statement = 'none' # none, ddl, mod, all
#log_temp_files = -1 # log temporary files equal or larger
# than the specified size in kilobytes;
# -1 disables, 0 logs all temp files
#log_timezone = '(defaults to server environment setting)'
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# RUNTIME STATISTICS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Query/Index Statistics Collector -
#track_activities = on
#track_counts = on
#track_functions = none # none, pl, all
#track_activity_query_size = 1024 # (change requires restart)
#update_process_title = on
#stats_temp_directory = 'pg_stat_tmp'
# - Statistics Monitoring -
#log_parser_stats = off
#log_planner_stats = off
#log_executor_stats = off
#log_statement_stats = off
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# AUTOVACUUM PARAMETERS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#autovacuum = on # Enable autovacuum subprocess? 'on'
# requires track_counts to also be on.
#log_autovacuum_min_duration = -1 # -1 disables, 0 logs all actions and
# their durations, > 0 logs only
# actions running at least this number
# of milliseconds.
#autovacuum_max_workers = 3 # max number of autovacuum subprocesses
# (change requires restart)
#autovacuum_naptime = 1min # time between autovacuum runs
#autovacuum_vacuum_threshold = 50 # min number of row updates before
# vacuum
#autovacuum_analyze_threshold = 50 # min number of row updates before
# analyze
#autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.2 # fraction of table size before vacuum
#autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor = 0.1 # fraction of table size before analyze
#autovacuum_freeze_max_age = 200000000 # maximum XID age before forced vacuum
# (change requires restart)
#autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = 20ms # default vacuum cost delay for
# autovacuum, in milliseconds;
# -1 means use vacuum_cost_delay
#autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit = -1 # default vacuum cost limit for
# autovacuum, -1 means use
# vacuum_cost_limit
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CLIENT CONNECTION DEFAULTS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Statement Behavior -
#search_path = '"$user",public' # schema names
#default_tablespace = '' # a tablespace name, '' uses the default
#temp_tablespaces = '' # a list of tablespace names, '' uses
# only default tablespace
#check_function_bodies = on
#default_transaction_isolation = 'read committed'
#default_transaction_read_only = off
#default_transaction_deferrable = off
#session_replication_role = 'origin'
#statement_timeout = 0 # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
#vacuum_freeze_min_age = 50000000
#vacuum_freeze_table_age = 150000000
#bytea_output = 'hex' # hex, escape
#xmlbinary = 'base64'
#xmloption = 'content'
# - Locale and Formatting -
datestyle = 'iso, mdy'
#intervalstyle = 'postgres'
#timezone = '(defaults to server environment setting)'
#timezone_abbreviations = 'Default' # Select the set of available time zone
# abbreviations. Currently, there are
# Default
# Australia
# India
# You can create your own file in
# share/timezonesets/.
#extra_float_digits = 0 # min -15, max 3
#client_encoding = sql_ascii # actually, defaults to database
# encoding
# These settings are initialized by initdb, but they can be changed.
lc_messages = 'en_US.UTF-8' # locale for system error message
# strings
lc_monetary = 'en_US.UTF-8' # locale for monetary formatting
lc_numeric = 'en_US.UTF-8' # locale for number formatting
lc_time = 'en_US.UTF-8' # locale for time formatting
# default configuration for text search
default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.english'
# - Other Defaults -
#dynamic_library_path = '$libdir'
#local_preload_libraries = ''
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# LOCK MANAGEMENT
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#deadlock_timeout = 1s
#max_locks_per_transaction = 64 # min 10
# (change requires restart)
# Note: Each lock table slot uses ~270 bytes of shared memory, and there are
# max_locks_per_transaction * (max_connections + max_prepared_transactions)
# lock table slots.
#max_pred_locks_per_transaction = 64 # min 10
# (change requires restart)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# VERSION/PLATFORM COMPATIBILITY
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Previous PostgreSQL Versions -
#array_nulls = on
#backslash_quote = safe_encoding # on, off, or safe_encoding
#default_with_oids = off
#escape_string_warning = on
#lo_compat_privileges = off
#quote_all_identifiers = off
#sql_inheritance = on
#standard_conforming_strings = on
#synchronize_seqscans = on
# - Other Platforms and Clients -
#transform_null_equals = off
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ERROR HANDLING
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#exit_on_error = off # terminate session on any error?
#restart_after_crash = on # reinitialize after backend crash?
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CUSTOMIZED OPTIONS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#custom_variable_classes = '' # list of custom variable class names
На Mac (Postgres установлен с помощью brew):
/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/9.3.3>bin/postgres -D /usr/local/var/postgres/
Чтобы получить местоположение файла pg_hba.conf, вы также можете запросить базу данных, например
SHOW hba_file;
Вы должны получить что-то вроде
hba_file
---------------------------------
/var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf
(1 row)
В Fedora 20
$ cd /var/lib/pgsql/data
$ ls -ltr *.conf
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 20453 Jan 18 23:22 postgresql.conf
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 1636 Jan 18 23:22 pg_ident.conf
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 4476 Jan 18 23:22 pg_hba.conf
Для CentOS 6 и 7 и postgresql 9.2 (и ниже, я полагаю, возможно, Fedora и Redhat):
/var/lib/pgsql/data
Для CentOS 6 и 7 postgresql 9.3 или 9.4 (и выше, я полагаю):
/var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data
/var/lib/pgsql/9.4/data
Для Ubuntu 14 и postgresql 9.3:
/etc/postgresql/9.3/main/postgresql.conf
Ответ может заключаться в том, что вы еще не инициализировали базу данных. После установки postgres, но до инициализации базы данных, файлы postgres *.sql будут отсутствовать. После инициализации базы данных появятся файлы postgres *.sql. (Centos 6, Postgres 9.3, продемонстрированный здесь)
[[email protected] /]# yum -y install postgresql93 postgresql93-server
[[email protected] /]# ls /var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data/
[[email protected] /]#
[[email protected] /]# service postgresql-9.3 initdb
Initializing database: [ OK ]
[[email protected] /]# ls /var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data/
base pg_ident.conf pg_serial pg_subtrans pg_xlog
global pg_log pg_snapshots pg_tblspc postgresql.conf
pg_clog pg_multixact pg_stat pg_twophase
pg_hba.conf pg_notify pg_stat_tmp PG_VERSION
[[email protected] /]#
В Mac OS X:
sudo find / -name postgresql.conf
Вы можете найти другие файлы conf с помощью следующей команды:
sudo find / -name pg\*.conf
Примечание: смотрите использование, используя man:
man find
Если вы только что установили его, возможно, что locate не поможет. В этом случае служба должна быть запущена, и вы можете запустить
ps aux | grep 'postgres *-D'
чтобы увидеть, откуда postgresql-master загружает файлы конфигурации.
Поскольку у меня нет доступа к учетной записи postgres (поэтому не могу запустить SHOW config_file), и мои postgres установлены в Windows, ни один из ответов не помог мне, поэтому я делюсь своим файловым адресом для будущих читателей Windows
C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\9.5\data
Для Debian 9 я нашел свой, используя ответ Franke Heikens - $/etc/postgresql/9.6/main/postgresql.conf
Помимо прямого ответа, вы, вероятно, захотите проверить документы о настройке Postgres расположение файлов.
В большинстве случаев: под $PGDATA, который обычно /var/lib/postgresql/data или что-то подобное (по крайней мере, это путь по умолчанию, если вы используете Docker images).
30-07-2019
В Windows 10 Pro:
C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\11\data
Распечатать файл pg_hba.conf:
su - postgres -c "psql -t -P format=unaligned -c 'show hba_file';"
Распечатать расположение файла postgresql.conf:
su - postgres -c "psql -t -P format=unaligned -c 'SHOW config_file';"
В CentOS 7 с PostgreSQL 9.4 он находится в следующем каталоге:
/var/lib/pgsql/9.4/data
Я могу видеть это, когда я зарегистрирован как root.
Мне нравится этот поток, потому что он документирует местоположения по умолчанию для различных файлов postgresql.conf на разных архитектурах...
Однако, я также попал в беду, полагаясь на эти значения по умолчанию при установке, где они указали альтернативные местоположения. Один из способов узнать, где находится конкретный файл конфигурации, напрямую запросив базу данных:
select * from pg_settings where name='config_file'
Отбросьте предложение where, чтобы просмотреть все настройки, которые также могут быть освещены, потому что они показывают, где находятся каталоги данных, pg_hba.conf и т.д.
Я боюсь, что это еще не все. Я сделал все хорошие вещи, описанные выше в Windows, и база данных не запускалась. По-прежнему остается загадкой, почему переход на другой PGDATA является "сложным"
В любом случае единственным решением этой проблемы было удаление старого каталога PGDATA. Затем переустановите postgresql. Если старая по умолчанию папка все еще висит вокруг или не пуста, (Windows) устанавливает barfs. Не совсем до нуля? Что случилось с приятным dbadmin gui?
Если вы следовали за белой бумагой, выпущенной Amazon для установки Postgresql на AWS, которая включала создание каталога/data/на файловой системе, смонтированной на отдельном томе EBS, тогда ваш файл postgresql.conf находится в /data/
Из которого я заключаю, что файл создается во время инициализации каталога данных и находится в корне каталога данных. Для установки по умолчанию это выглядит как /var/lib/pgsql/data, но не если вы перемещаете данные dir
nantha = # ПОКАЗАТЬ config_file;
/var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf(1 строка)
nantha = # ПОКАЗАТЬ hba_file;
/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_hba.conf(1 строка)
Моя установка не по умолчанию, но вы можете перейти в каталог Postgres и найти подкаталог \Data.
Файлы конфигурации C:\Postgres\Data\postgresql.conf C:\Postgres\Data\pg_hba.conf
на MacOS Mojave, где я использовал brew install postgresql, я нашел его здесь
/usr/local/var/postgres/postgresql.conf
Я получил это с помощью следующей команды sql, приведенной в этом ответе здесь:
psql -U postgres -c 'SHOW config_file'