Я использую InnoDB.
QUERY, EXPLAIN и INDEXES
SELECT
stories.*,
count(comments.id) AS comments,
GROUP_CONCAT(
DISTINCT classifications2.name SEPARATOR ';'
) AS classifications_name,
GROUP_CONCAT(
DISTINCT images.id
ORDER BY images.position,
images.id SEPARATOR ';'
) AS images_id,
GROUP_CONCAT(
DISTINCT images.caption
ORDER BY images.position,
images.id SEPARATOR ';'
) AS images_caption,
GROUP_CONCAT(
DISTINCT images.thumbnail
ORDER BY images.position,
images.id SEPARATOR ';'
) AS images_thumbnail,
GROUP_CONCAT(
DISTINCT images.medium
ORDER BY images.position,
images.id SEPARATOR ';'
) AS images_medium,
GROUP_CONCAT(
DISTINCT images.large
ORDER BY images.position,
images.id SEPARATOR ';'
) AS images_large,
GROUP_CONCAT(
DISTINCT users.id
ORDER BY users.id SEPARATOR ';'
) AS authors_id,
GROUP_CONCAT(
DISTINCT users.display_name
ORDER BY users.id SEPARATOR ';'
) AS authors_display_name,
GROUP_CONCAT(
DISTINCT users.url
ORDER BY users.id SEPARATOR ';'
) AS authors_url
FROM
stories
LEFT JOIN classifications
ON stories.id = classifications.story_id
LEFT JOIN classifications AS classifications2
ON stories.id = classifications2.story_id
LEFT JOIN comments
ON stories.id = comments.story_id
LEFT JOIN image_story
ON stories.id = image_story.story_id
LEFT JOIN images
ON images.id = image_story.`image_id`
LEFT JOIN author_story
ON stories.id = author_story.story_id
LEFT JOIN users
ON users.id = author_story.author_id
WHERE classifications.`name` LIKE 'Home:Top%'
AND stories.status = 1
GROUP BY stories.id
ORDER BY classifications.`name`, classifications.`position`
+----+-------------+------------------+--------+---------------+----------+---------+------------------------+--------+----------------------------------------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+------------------+--------+---------------+----------+---------+------------------------+--------+----------------------------------------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | stories | ref | status | status | 1 | const | 434792 | Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort |
| 1 | SIMPLE | classifications | ref | story_id | story_id | 4 | stories.id | 1 | Using where |
| 1 | SIMPLE | classifications2 | ref | story_id | story_id | 4 | stories.id | 1 | Using where |
| 1 | SIMPLE | comments | ref | story_id | story_id | 8 | stories.id | 6 | Using where; Using index |
| 1 | SIMPLE | image_story | ref | story_id | story_id | 4 | stories.id | 1 | NULL |
| 1 | SIMPLE | images | eq_ref | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | image_story.image_id | 1 | NULL |
| 1 | SIMPLE | author_story | ref | story_id | story_id | 4 | stories.id | 1 | Using where |
| 1 | SIMPLE | users | eq_ref | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | author_story.author_id | 1 | Using where |
+----+-------------+------------------+--------+---------------+----------+---------+------------------------+--------+----------------------------------------------+
+-----------------+------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+
| Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type |
+-----------------+------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+
| stories | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 869584 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE |
| stories | 1 | created_at | 1 | created_at | A | 434792 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE |
| stories | 1 | source | 1 | source | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE |
| stories | 1 | source_id | 1 | source_id | A | 869584 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE |
| stories | 1 | type | 1 | type | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE |
| stories | 1 | status | 1 | status | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE |
| stories | 1 | type_status | 1 | type | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE |
| stories | 1 | type_status | 2 | status | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE |
| classifications | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 207 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE |
| classifications | 1 | story_id | 1 | story_id | A | 207 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE |
| classifications | 1 | name | 1 | name | A | 103 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE |
| classifications | 1 | name | 2 | position | A | 207 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE |
| comments | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 239336 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE |
| comments | 1 | status | 1 | status | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE |
| comments | 1 | date | 1 | date | A | 239336 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE |
| comments | 1 | story_id | 1 | story_id | A | 39889 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE |
+-----------------+------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+
ВРЕМЯ ЗАПРОСА
В среднем выполняется 0.035 seconds.
Если я удаляю только GROUP BY, время падает до 0.007 в среднем.
Если я удаляю только фильтр stories.status=1, время падает до 0.025 в среднем. Кажется, что это можно легко оптимизировать.
И если я удалю только фильтр LIKE и ORDER BY, время в среднем сократится до 0.006.
ОБНОВЛЕНИЕ 1: 2013-04-13
Мое понимание улучшило многообразие ответов.
Я добавил индексы author_story и images_story, которые казались улучшенными запросами до 0.025 секунд, но по какой-то странной причине план EXPLAIN выглядит намного лучше. На этом этапе удаление ORDER BY отбрасывает запрос до 0.015 секунд, а при отбрасывании как ORDER BY, так и GROUP BY улучшается производительность запросов до 0.006. Я - это две вещи, на которые нужно сосредоточиться прямо сейчас? Я могу переместить ORDER BY в логику приложения, если это необходимо.
Вот пересмотренные EXPLAIN и INDEXES
+----+-------------+------------------+--------+---------------------------------+----------+---------+--------------------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+------------------+--------+---------------------------------+----------+---------+--------------------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | classifications | range | story_id,name | name | 102 | NULL | 14 | Using index condition; Using temporary; Using filesort |
| 1 | SIMPLE | stories | eq_ref | PRIMARY,status | PRIMARY | 4 | classifications.story_id | 1 | Using where |
| 1 | SIMPLE | classifications2 | ref | story_id | story_id | 4 | stories.id | 1 | Using where |
| 1 | SIMPLE | author_story | ref | author_id,story_id,author_story | story_id | 4 | stories.id | 1 | Using index condition |
| 1 | SIMPLE | users | eq_ref | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | author_story.author_id | 1 | Using where |
| 1 | SIMPLE | comments | ref | story_id | story_id | 8 | stories.id | 8 | Using where; Using index |
| 1 | SIMPLE | image_story | ref | story_id,story_id_2 | story_id | 4 | stories.id | 1 | NULL |
| 1 | SIMPLE | images | eq_ref | PRIMARY,position_id | PRIMARY | 4 | image_story.image_id | 1 | NULL |
+----+-------------+------------------+--------+---------------------------------+----------+---------+--------------------------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+
+-----------------+------------+--------------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | Index_comment |
+-----------------+------------+--------------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| author_story | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 220116 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| author_story | 0 | story_author | 1 | story_id | A | 220116 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| author_story | 0 | story_author | 2 | author_id | A | 220116 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| author_story | 1 | author_id | 1 | author_id | A | 2179 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| author_story | 1 | story_id | 1 | story_id | A | 220116 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| image_story | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 148902 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| image_story | 0 | story_image | 1 | story_id | A | 148902 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| image_story | 0 | story_image | 2 | image_id | A | 148902 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| image_story | 1 | story_id | 1 | story_id | A | 148902 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| image_story | 1 | image_id | 1 | image_id | A | 148902 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| classifications | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 257 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| classifications | 1 | story_id | 1 | story_id | A | 257 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| classifications | 1 | name | 1 | name | A | 128 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| classifications | 1 | name | 2 | position | A | 257 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | |
| stories | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 962570 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| stories | 1 | created_at | 1 | created_at | A | 481285 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| stories | 1 | source | 1 | source | A | 4 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | |
| stories | 1 | source_id | 1 | source_id | A | 962570 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | |
| stories | 1 | type | 1 | type | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| stories | 1 | status | 1 | status | A | 4 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| stories | 1 | type_status | 1 | type | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| stories | 1 | type_status | 2 | status | A | 6 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| comments | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 232559 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| comments | 1 | status | 1 | status | A | 6 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| comments | 1 | date | 1 | date | A | 232559 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| comments | 1 | story_id | 1 | story_id | A | 29069 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| images | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 147206 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| images | 0 | source_id | 1 | source_id | A | 147206 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | |
| images | 1 | position | 1 | position | A | 4 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| images | 1 | position_id | 1 | id | A | 147206 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| images | 1 | position_id | 2 | position | A | 147206 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| users | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 981 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| users | 0 | users_email_unique | 1 | email | A | 981 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
+-----------------+------------+--------------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
SELECT
stories.*,
count(comments.id) AS comments,
GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT users.id ORDER BY users.id SEPARATOR ';') AS authors_id,
GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT users.display_name ORDER BY users.id SEPARATOR ';') AS authors_display_name,
GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT users.url ORDER BY users.id SEPARATOR ';') AS authors_url,
GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT classifications2.name SEPARATOR ';') AS classifications_name,
GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT images.id ORDER BY images.position,images.id SEPARATOR ';') AS images_id,
GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT images.caption ORDER BY images.position,images.id SEPARATOR ';') AS images_caption,
GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT images.thumbnail ORDER BY images.position,images.id SEPARATOR ';') AS images_thumbnail,
GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT images.medium ORDER BY images.position,images.id SEPARATOR ';') AS images_medium,
GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT images.large ORDER BY images.position,images.id SEPARATOR ';') AS images_large
FROM
classifications
INNER JOIN stories
ON stories.id = classifications.story_id
LEFT JOIN classifications AS classifications2
ON stories.id = classifications2.story_id
LEFT JOIN comments
ON stories.id = comments.story_id
LEFT JOIN image_story
ON stories.id = image_story.story_id
LEFT JOIN images
ON images.id = image_story.`image_id`
INNER JOIN author_story
ON stories.id = author_story.story_id
INNER JOIN users
ON users.id = author_story.author_id
WHERE classifications.`name` LIKE 'Home:Top%'
AND stories.status = 1
GROUP BY stories.id
ORDER BY NULL
ОБНОВЛЕНИЕ 2: 2013-04-14
Я заметил еще одну вещь. Если я не SELECT stories.content (LONGTEXT) и stories.content_html (LONGTEXT), запрос падает с 0.015 секунд до 0.006 секунд. На данный момент я рассматриваю вопрос, могу ли я обойтись без content и content_html или заменить их чем-то другим.
Я обновил запрос, индексы и объяснил в обновленном обновлении 2013-04-13 вместо повторной публикации в этом, поскольку они были незначительными и инкрементальными. Запрос все еще использует filesort. Я не могу избавиться от GROUP BY, но избавился от ORDER BY.
ОБНОВЛЕНИЕ 3: 2013-04-16
В соответствии с запросом я сбросил индексы history_id из image_story и author_story, поскольку они являются избыточными. Результатом было то, что вывод объяснения только изменился, чтобы показать, что параметр possible_keys изменился. Он до сих пор не показывал оптимизацию Using Index.
Также изменен LONGTEXT на TEXT и теперь выберем LEFT(stories.content, 500) вместо stories.content, что делает очень значительную разницу в времени выполнения запроса.
+----+-------------+------------------+--------+-----------------------------+--------------+---------+--------------------------+------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+------------------+--------+-----------------------------+--------------+---------+--------------------------+------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | classifications | ref | story_id,name,name_position | name | 102 | const | 10 | Using index condition; Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort | | 1 | SIMPLE | stories | eq_ref | PRIMARY,status | PRIMARY | 4 | classifications.story_id | 1 | Using where | | 1 | SIMPLE | classifications2 | ref | story_id | story_id | 4 | stories.id | 1 | Using where | | 1 | SIMPLE | author_story | ref | story_author | story_author | 4 | stories.id | 1 | Using where; Using index | | 1 | SIMPLE | users | eq_ref | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | author_story.author_id | 1 | Using where | | 1 | SIMPLE | comments | ref | story_id | story_id | 8 | stories.id | 8 | Using where; Using index | | 1 | SIMPLE | image_story | ref | story_image | story_image | 4 | stories.id | 1 | Using index | | 1 | SIMPLE | images | eq_ref | PRIMARY,position_id | PRIMARY | 4 | image_story.image_id | 1 | NULL | +----+-------------+------------------+--------+-----------------------------+--------------+---------+--------------------------+------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+ innodb_buffer_pool_size 134217728 TABLE_NAME INDEX_LENGTH image_story 10010624 image_story 4556800 image_story 0 TABLE_NAME INDEX_NAMES SIZE dawn/image_story story_image 13921