У меня есть два объекта одного типа, и я хочу пропустить общие свойства для каждого из них и предупредить пользователя о том, какие свойства не совпадают.
Возможно ли это сделать, не зная, какие свойства содержит объект?
Петля через объекты в С#
Ответ 1
Да, с отражением - при условии, что каждый тип свойства реализует Equals соответствующим образом. Альтернативой будет использование ReflectiveEquals рекурсивно для всех, кроме некоторых известных типов, но это становится сложным.
public bool ReflectiveEquals(object first, object second)
{
if (first == null && second == null)
{
return true;
}
if (first == null || second == null)
{
return false;
}
Type firstType = first.GetType();
if (second.GetType() != firstType)
{
return false; // Or throw an exception
}
// This will only use public properties. Is that enough?
foreach (PropertyInfo propertyInfo in firstType.GetProperties())
{
if (propertyInfo.CanRead)
{
object firstValue = propertyInfo.GetValue(first, null);
object secondValue = propertyInfo.GetValue(second, null);
if (!object.Equals(firstValue, secondValue))
{
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
Ответ 2
Конечно, вы можете с отражением. Вот код для захвата свойств данного типа.
var info = typeof(SomeType).GetProperties();
Если вы можете дать больше информации о том, что вы сравниваете по свойствам, мы можем собрать базовый различающийся алгоритм n. Этот код для intstance будет отличаться от имен
public bool AreDifferent(Type t1, Type t2) {
var list1 = t1.GetProperties().OrderBy(x => x.Name).Select(x => x.Name);
var list2 = t2.GetProperties().OrderBy(x => x.Name).Select(x => x.Name);
return list1.SequenceEqual(list2);
}
Ответ 3
Я знаю, что это, вероятно, слишком много, но вот мой класс ObjectComparer, который я использую для этой цели:
/// <summary>
/// Utility class for comparing objects.
/// </summary>
public static class ObjectComparer
{
/// <summary>
/// Compares the public properties of any 2 objects and determines if the properties of each
/// all contain the same value.
/// <para>
/// In cases where object1 and object2 are of different Types (both being derived from Type T)
/// we will cast both objects down to the base Type T to ensure the property comparison is only
/// completed on COMMON properties.
/// (ex. Type T is Foo, object1 is GoodFoo and object2 is BadFoo -- both being inherited from Foo --
/// both objects will be cast to Foo for comparison)
/// </para>
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Any class with public properties.</typeparam>
/// <param name="object1">Object to compare to object2.</param>
/// <param name="object2">Object to compare to object1.</param>
/// <param name="propertyInfoList">A List of <see cref="PropertyInfo"/> objects that contain data on the properties
/// from object1 that are not equal to the corresponding properties of object2.</param>
/// <returns>A boolean value indicating whether or not the properties of each object match.</returns>
public static bool GetDifferentProperties<T> ( T object1 , T object2 , out List<PropertyInfo> propertyInfoList )
where T : class
{
return GetDifferentProperties<T>( object1 , object2 , null , out propertyInfoList );
}
/// <summary>
/// Compares the public properties of any 2 objects and determines if the properties of each
/// all contain the same value.
/// <para>
/// In cases where object1 and object2 are of different Types (both being derived from Type T)
/// we will cast both objects down to the base Type T to ensure the property comparison is only
/// completed on COMMON properties.
/// (ex. Type T is Foo, object1 is GoodFoo and object2 is BadFoo -- both being inherited from Foo --
/// both objects will be cast to Foo for comparison)
/// </para>
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Any class with public properties.</typeparam>
/// <param name="object1">Object to compare to object2.</param>
/// <param name="object2">Object to compare to object1.</param>
/// <param name="ignoredProperties">A list of <see cref="PropertyInfo"/> objects
/// to ignore when completing the comparison.</param>
/// <param name="propertyInfoList">A List of <see cref="PropertyInfo"/> objects that contain data on the properties
/// from object1 that are not equal to the corresponding properties of object2.</param>
/// <returns>A boolean value indicating whether or not the properties of each object match.</returns>
public static bool GetDifferentProperties<T> ( T object1 , T object2 , List<PropertyInfo> ignoredProperties , out List<PropertyInfo> propertyInfoList )
where T : class
{
propertyInfoList = new List<PropertyInfo>();
// If either object is null, we can't compare anything
if ( object1 == null || object2 == null )
{
return false;
}
Type object1Type = object1.GetType();
Type object2Type = object2.GetType();
// In cases where object1 and object2 are of different Types (both being derived from Type T)
// we will cast both objects down to the base Type T to ensure the property comparison is only
// completed on COMMON properties.
// (ex. Type T is Foo, object1 is GoodFoo and object2 is BadFoo -- both being inherited from Foo --
// both objects will be cast to Foo for comparison)
if ( object1Type != object2Type )
{
object1Type = typeof ( T );
object2Type = typeof ( T );
}
// Remove any properties to be ignored
List<PropertyInfo> comparisonProps =
RemoveProperties( object1Type.GetProperties() , ignoredProperties );
foreach ( PropertyInfo object1Prop in comparisonProps )
{
Type propertyType = null;
object object1PropValue = null;
object object2PropValue = null;
// Rule out an attempt to check against a property which requires
// an index, such as one accessed via this[]
if ( object1Prop.GetIndexParameters().GetLength( 0 ) == 0 )
{
// Get the value of each property
object1PropValue = object1Prop.GetValue( object1 , null );
object2PropValue = object2Type.GetProperty( object1Prop.Name ).GetValue( object2 , null );
// As we are comparing 2 objects of the same type we know
// that they both have the same properties, so grab the
// first non-null value
if ( object1PropValue != null )
propertyType = object1PropValue.GetType().GetInterface( "IComparable" );
if ( propertyType == null )
if ( object2PropValue != null )
propertyType = object2PropValue.GetType().GetInterface( "IComparable" );
}
// If both objects have null values or were indexed properties, don't continue
if ( propertyType != null )
{
// If one property value is null and the other is not null,
// they aren't equal; this is done here as a native CompareTo
// won't work with a null value as the target
if ( object1PropValue == null || object2PropValue == null )
{
propertyInfoList.Add( object1Prop );
}
else
{
// Use the native CompareTo method
MethodInfo nativeCompare = propertyType.GetMethod( "CompareTo" );
// Sanity Check:
// If we don't have a native CompareTo OR both values are null, we can't compare;
// hence, we can't confirm the values differ... just go to the next property
if ( nativeCompare != null )
{
// Return the native CompareTo result
bool equal = ( 0 == (int) ( nativeCompare.Invoke( object1PropValue , new object[] {object2PropValue} ) ) );
if ( !equal )
{
propertyInfoList.Add( object1Prop );
}
}
}
}
}
return propertyInfoList.Count == 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// Compares the public properties of any 2 objects and determines if the properties of each
/// all contain the same value.
/// <para>
/// In cases where object1 and object2 are of different Types (both being derived from Type T)
/// we will cast both objects down to the base Type T to ensure the property comparison is only
/// completed on COMMON properties.
/// (ex. Type T is Foo, object1 is GoodFoo and object2 is BadFoo -- both being inherited from Foo --
/// both objects will be cast to Foo for comparison)
/// </para>
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Any class with public properties.</typeparam>
/// <param name="object1">Object to compare to object2.</param>
/// <param name="object2">Object to compare to object1.</param>
/// <returns>A boolean value indicating whether or not the properties of each object match.</returns>
public static bool HasSamePropertyValues<T> ( T object1 , T object2 )
where T : class
{
return HasSamePropertyValues<T>( object1 , object2 , null );
}
/// <summary>
/// Compares the public properties of any 2 objects and determines if the properties of each
/// all contain the same value.
/// <para>
/// In cases where object1 and object2 are of different Types (both being derived from Type T)
/// we will cast both objects down to the base Type T to ensure the property comparison is only
/// completed on COMMON properties.
/// (ex. Type T is Foo, object1 is GoodFoo and object2 is BadFoo -- both being inherited from Foo --
/// both objects will be cast to Foo for comparison)
/// </para>
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Any class with public properties.</typeparam>
/// <param name="object1">Object to compare to object2.</param>
/// <param name="object2">Object to compare to object1.</param>
/// <param name="ignoredProperties">A list of <see cref="PropertyInfo"/> objects
/// to ignore when completing the comparison.</param>
/// <returns>A boolean value indicating whether or not the properties of each object match.</returns>
public static bool HasSamePropertyValues<T> ( T object1 , T object2 , List<PropertyInfo> ignoredProperties )
where T : class
{
// If either object is null, we can't compare anything
if ( object1 == null || object2 == null )
{
return false;
}
Type object1Type = object1.GetType();
Type object2Type = object2.GetType();
// In cases where object1 and object2 are of different Types (both being derived from Type T)
// we will cast both objects down to the base Type T to ensure the property comparison is only
// completed on COMMON properties.
// (ex. Type T is Foo, object1 is GoodFoo and object2 is BadFoo -- both being inherited from Foo --
// both objects will be cast to Foo for comparison)
if ( object1Type != object2Type )
{
object1Type = typeof ( T );
object2Type = typeof ( T );
}
// Remove any properties to be ignored
List<PropertyInfo> comparisonProps =
RemoveProperties( object1Type.GetProperties() , ignoredProperties );
foreach ( PropertyInfo object1Prop in comparisonProps )
{
Type propertyType = null;
object object1PropValue = null;
object object2PropValue = null;
// Rule out an attempt to check against a property which requires
// an index, such as one accessed via this[]
if ( object1Prop.GetIndexParameters().GetLength( 0 ) == 0 )
{
// Get the value of each property
object1PropValue = object1Prop.GetValue( object1 , null );
object2PropValue = object2Type.GetProperty( object1Prop.Name ).GetValue( object2 , null );
// As we are comparing 2 objects of the same type we know
// that they both have the same properties, so grab the
// first non-null value
if ( object1PropValue != null )
propertyType = object1PropValue.GetType().GetInterface( "IComparable" );
if ( propertyType == null )
if ( object2PropValue != null )
propertyType = object2PropValue.GetType().GetInterface( "IComparable" );
}
// If both objects have null values or were indexed properties, don't continue
if ( propertyType != null )
{
// If one property value is null and the other is not null,
// they aren't equal; this is done here as a native CompareTo
// won't work with a null value as the target
if ( object1PropValue == null || object2PropValue == null )
{
return false;
}
// Use the native CompareTo method
MethodInfo nativeCompare = propertyType.GetMethod( "CompareTo" );
// Sanity Check:
// If we don't have a native CompareTo OR both values are null, we can't compare;
// hence, we can't confirm the values differ... just go to the next property
if ( nativeCompare != null )
{
// Return the native CompareTo result
bool equal = ( 0 == (int) ( nativeCompare.Invoke( object1PropValue , new object[] {object2PropValue} ) ) );
if ( !equal )
{
return false;
}
}
}
}
return true;
}
/// <summary>
/// Removes any <see cref="PropertyInfo"/> object in the supplied List of
/// properties from the supplied Array of properties.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="allProperties">Array containing master list of
/// <see cref="PropertyInfo"/> objects.</param>
/// <param name="propertiesToRemove">List of <see cref="PropertyInfo"/> objects to
/// remove from the supplied array of properties.</param>
/// <returns>A List of <see cref="PropertyInfo"/> objects.</returns>
private static List<PropertyInfo> RemoveProperties (
IEnumerable<PropertyInfo> allProperties , IEnumerable<PropertyInfo> propertiesToRemove )
{
List<PropertyInfo> innerPropertyList = new List<PropertyInfo>();
// Add all properties to a list for easy manipulation
foreach ( PropertyInfo prop in allProperties )
{
innerPropertyList.Add( prop );
}
// Sanity check
if ( propertiesToRemove != null )
{
// Iterate through the properties to ignore and remove them from the list of
// all properties, if they exist
foreach ( PropertyInfo ignoredProp in propertiesToRemove )
{
if ( innerPropertyList.Contains( ignoredProp ) )
{
innerPropertyList.Remove( ignoredProp );
}
}
}
return innerPropertyList;
}
}
Ответ 4
Реальная проблема: как получить разницу в двух наборах?
Самый быстрый способ, который я нашел, - сначала преобразовать наборы в словари, а затем diff. Вот общий подход:
static IEnumerable<T> DictionaryDiff<K, T>(Dictionary<K, T> d1, Dictionary<K, T> d2)
{
return from x in d1 where !d2.ContainsKey(x.Key) select x.Value;
}
Затем вы можете сделать что-то вроде этого:
static public IEnumerable<PropertyInfo> PropertyDiff(Type t1, Type t2)
{
var d1 = t1.GetProperties().ToDictionary(x => x.Name);
var d2 = t2.GetProperties().ToDictionary(x => x.Name);
return DictionaryDiff(d1, d2);
}
Ответ 5
Да. Используйте Reflection. С Reflection вы можете делать такие вещи, как:
//given object of some type
object myObjectFromSomewhere;
Type myObjOriginalType = myObjectFromSomewhere.GetType();
PropertyInfo[] myProps = myObjOriginalType.GetProperties();
И затем вы можете использовать полученные классы PropertyInfo для сравнения всех вещей.
Ответ 6
Сравнение двух объектов одного типа с использованием LINQ и Reflection. NB! Это в основном переписывание решения от Jon Skeet, но с более компактным и современным синтаксисом. Он также должен генерировать несколько более эффективный IL.
Это выглядит примерно так:
public bool ReflectiveEquals(LocalHdTicket serverTicket, LocalHdTicket localTicket)
{
if (serverTicket == null && localTicket == null) return true;
if (serverTicket == null || localTicket == null) return false;
var firstType = serverTicket.GetType();
// Handle type mismatch anyway you please:
if(localTicket.GetType() != firstType) throw new Exception("Trying to compare two different object types!");
return !(from propertyInfo in firstType.GetProperties()
where propertyInfo.CanRead
let serverValue = propertyInfo.GetValue(serverTicket, null)
let localValue = propertyInfo.GetValue(localTicket, null)
where !Equals(serverValue, localValue)
select serverValue).Any();
}
Ответ 7
Type.GetProperties будет перечислять каждое из свойств данного типа. Затем используйте PropertyInfo.GetValue, чтобы проверить значения.
Ответ 8
Как уже упоминалось о рекурсивном подходе, это функция, которой вы можете передать искомое имя и свойство для начала:
public static void loopAttributes(PropertyInfo prop, string targetAttribute, object tempObject)
{
foreach (PropertyInfo nestedProp in prop.PropertyType.GetProperties())
{
if(nestedProp.Name == targetAttribute)
{
//found the matching attribute
}
loopAttributes(nestedProp, targetAttribute, prop.GetValue(tempObject);
}
}
//in the main function
foreach (PropertyInfo prop in rootObject.GetType().GetProperties())
{
loopAttributes(prop, targetAttribute, rootObject);
}